More specifically, co-transplantation of CD34+ cells derived from lower risk MDS patients along with ex vivo expanded BM-MSCs from the same patients in NOD/LtSzcid-IL2rg-/- (NSG) mice significantly increased engraftment of hematopoietic cells as compared to transplantation in the absence of BM-MSCs or with BM-MSCs derived from healthy donors. This evidence concerns the gene CD34 and myelodysplastic syndrome.