INS and diabetes mellitus: For example, herbal medicine makes the metabolites of the intestinal microbiota increase in SCFAs, which can regulate the composition and activity of their metabolites by influencing growth, regulating the concentration of metabolites, disrupting the intestinal barrier, improving insulin sensitivity, regulating lipid metabolism and blood glucose levels, and improving the level of inflammation, which can explain why TCM plays a role in a variety of metabolic diseases such as diabetes (69).