Based on our results, we propose that following neonatal immune challenge (brain injury and/or infection), targeting scavenger receptors such as CD36 may serve as a promising molecular and/or therapeutic tool to curb TLR2 mediated inflammation and skew microglia immune signalling towards TLR4-IRF3 pathway, further suggesting its role in fine-tuning of neuroinflammation. This evidence concerns the gene CD36 and infection.