Like PD, inflammation is associated with the development of LID (Barnum et al., 2008; Bortolanza et al., 2015; Yan et al., 2021), and increases in ROS, NF-κB signaling, and IL-1β are linked to LID progression (Barnum et al., 2008; Bortolanza et al., 2015; Yan et al., 2021). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is Parkinson disease.