PINK1 and Parkinson disease: It has been shown that several risk factors in PD modulate immune function, such as Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), Synuclein Alpha (SNCA), glucocerebrosidase (GBA), Parkin RBR E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase (PRKN), and PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) [8, 131].