Polyurethane (PU) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide solution, and the PU film was formed after evaporating the solvent. Type I collagen fibers were used as cell carriers to encapsulate AF cells and TGF-β1 on PU membranes to make collagen-PU scaffolds. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and atrial fibrillation.