What is more, HQ exerted potent anti-tumor activity through simultaneous modulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) signaling, which together decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression to effectively suppress angiogenesis in tumor xenograft and human colon cancer cells (Auyeung et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and colonic neoplasm.