Mouse studies revealed that CD45 deficiency as well as hyperactivity have major consequences for cells of the hematopoietic lineage, and also the decades of studies on human materials established PTPRC as an important immunomodulatory gene with impact on autoimmune and infectious diseases (reviewed in (Tchilian and Beverley, 2006; Al Barashdi et al., 2021)). This evidence concerns the gene PTPRC and infectious disease.