Consistently, analysis of the GEO dataset (GSE116250) including patients with heart failure (ischaemic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy)41 manifesting cardiac fibrosis and control individuals demonstrated that VGLL3 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in the fibrotic heart (Fig. 2e). The gene discussed is VGLL3; the disease is dilated cardiomyopathy.