Our laboratory has recently shown that in nGD human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cortical neurons, there is an aberrant activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by elevated GluSph leading to ALP abnormalities and increased neuronal susceptibility (39,40), raising the possibility that a similar mechanism may lead to α-synuclein aggregation in GBA1-associated PD. The gene discussed is GBA1; the disease is Parkinson disease.