In addition, an increase in CD200 (hsc and pre-BI), Nanog (hsc and pre-pro-B), sXBP-1 (pre-pro-B and pro-B), Oct3/4 (pre-BI), and CD81 (pre-BI) and a decrease in CD362 (hsc and pro-B) are noted only in MGUS or SMM, showing clonal hematopoiesis extending to premalignant stages of myeloma. Here, CD81 is linked to plasma cell myeloma.