VDAC1 and Hyperglycemia: In addition, hyperglycemia increases VDAC1 expression in pancreatic -cells and kidneys, and VDAC1 levels are elevated in mouse coronary endothelial cells isolated from diabetic mice, because glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is dependent on the production of ATP and other metabolites in mitochondria, and VDAC1 regulates energy and metabolism [30].