ICAM1 and pulmonary emphysema: While both LR- and BM-MSCs were found to reduce lung damage to a similar extent in a mouse model of elastase-induced emphysema, LR-MSCs were retained in the lungs for longer, presumably due to their higher expression of ICAM-1.69 These findings were supported by another independent study which assessed LR-MSCs (in addition to BM-MSCs and adipose-derived MSCs) in a similar murine model of elastase-induced emphysema.