Modern pharmacological research demonstrated that AKT1 was regulated by various compounds from DHI, such as tanshinone.[63] Hydroxysafflor yellow A has been reported to alleviate increased TNF and IL6, leading to the inhibition of inflammation in patients with COPD.[64] In addition, it was observed the action of DHI against COPD was associated with the regulation of multiple pathways, such as glucocorticoid receptor signaling, TREM1 signaling, and production in macrophages. Here, TNF is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.