Our findings support the recent reports describing that pathogenic TDP-43 show prion-like propagation in murine brain and spinal cord of TDP-43 transgenic animal administrated with ALS patient-derived tissue [15,16] and that TDP-43 pathology correlates with DSBs in vitro and in vivo [41,42]. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.