MMP9 and acute pancreatitis: Another study showed that DQCD attenuated intestinal vascular endothelial injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) induced by cerulein and LPS, and decreased matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM-C) expression, while increasing AQP-1 expression, in TNF-α-treated vascular endothelial cells (Pan et al., 2017).