In summary, these results show that effector KIR3DL1 educated NK cell function is efficient against AML in individuals expressing the following combinations: KIR3DL1null and HLA-Bw4I/T, KIR3DL1low and HLA-Bw4I, or KIR3DL1high and HLA-Bw4T. Here, KIR3DL1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.