NLRP3 and Sepsis: Although the exact mechanism of HSF1 inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase1/cleaved IL-1β pathway was not considered in this study, we conclude that HSF1 prevents brain injury from sepsis by inhibiting the sepsis-induced pyroptosis through the NLRP3-dependent caspase1/IL-1β pathway, suggesting HSF1 as a potential molecular target for treating brain injury in sepsis clinical studies.