ENTPD1/CD39 convert exATP to AMP and activate cAMP-mediated mitochondrial stress response via the CD39/P2RY13/cAMP/PKA axis and aided resistance to cytarabine in AML, proposing exATP and CD39 as key factors in AML chemoresistance (348). Here, ENTPD1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.