The Venn diagram for this comparison showed that Btg2, Fos, Egr1, Ccn1, Npcd, Atf3, Cxcl13, Fetub, Gm20186, and Gm8237 overlapped between the upregulated DEGs of the PAH versus control groups and the downregulated DEGs of the PAH/αKO versus PAH groups (Fig. 5D). Here, ATF3 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.