This provides a molecular mechanism for why high surface-to-cytoplasm ratio of PODXL in tumors is a superior indicator of disease aggressiveness than PODXL levels alone (11, 23–28), and we now add that examination of transcript levels of the GAL3-PODXL axis identifies prostate cancer patients with advanced, recurrent, and metastatic disease. This evidence concerns the gene LGALS3 and Familial prostate cancer.