ACTL9 and male infertility: Most recently, the depicted phenotype of peeling acrosomes has been described in humans where coding point mutations in the actin-like 7A (ACTL7A) (Xin et al., 2020) and ACTL7C (aka ACTL9) (Dai et al., 2021) genes have been identified as pathogenic variants of significance in cases of complete human male infertility.