SMPD1 and alcoholic cardiomyopathy: Wang C demonstrated that ceramide accumulation caused by smpd1/2 upregulation plays a crucial role in alcoholic cardiomyopathy [16], while other scholars obliterated ceramides by specific deletion of serine palmitoyltransferase subunit 2 (a de novo synthase of ceramides) in cardiomyocytes also led to cardiac dysfunction [17].