Multiple studies have revealed that risk factors for relapse in CAR T-cell treatment include leukemia with TP53 mutations and complex genetic profiles (>2 mutations), increased risk of lineage switch, pre-existing antigen-negative subclones (e.g., MLLr, Ph-positive B-ALL), and history of blinatumomab treatment (33–35). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.