Moreover, the levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-17A, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), P-selectin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly increased in CRC samples in comparison with healthy mucosa samples. Here, IL9 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.