Similar to the observations made in nasopharyngeal cancer, Bmi-1 conferred adaptive radioresistance to ESCC cells, and Bmi-1-depleted cells treated with radiotherapy expressed elevated levels of ROS and impaired DNA repair capacities, further supporting a common mechanism by which Bmi-1 mediates therapeutic resistance (105). The gene discussed is BMI1; the disease is nasopharyngeal carcinoma.