INS and congenital isolated hyperinsulinism: (25) in 2016, the diagnostic criteria for CHI are as follows: when intravenous plasma glucose <2.8 mmol/L accompanied by asynchronous insulin secretion (usually >1-2 μU/ml; or still detectable C-peptide >0.2 mmol/L), low levels of β-hydroxybutyric acid (<1.8 mmol/L), low free fatty acids (<1.7 mmol/L), positive glucagon stimulation test (test procedure: 1 mg glucagon intramuscularly or intravenously, a neonatal dose of 0.5 mg, blood glucose elevation ≥1.7 mmol/L).