Although we found variabilities along the stages, which reflects the heterogeneity of this disease, COMMD4_AS2, MARK3, MATR3, POLDIP3, COMMD4_AS1, and GNAS underwent AS switches in almost all stages of breast cancer, while RHOC displayed significant AS switches during stage IIB (Supplementary Fig. 6K–Q). The gene discussed is POLDIP3; the disease is breast cancer.