A recent study published in Science by Manfredi-Lozano and colleagues suggests that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) could potentially restore cognition in patients with Down syndrome (DS).1 The findings reveal a new molecular link between dementia and the loss of smell, and a promising therapeutic avenue to combat age-related cognitive decline in DS and other neurodegenerative diseases. The gene discussed is GNRH1; the disease is Down syndrome.