GNRH1 and Cognitive impairment: GnRH therapy enhanced cognitive function in six of the seven DS participants, who showed significantly improved scores in higher-order executive functions, and a positive trend toward improved episodic memory.1 Perhaps more importantly, differences in brain imaging before and after treatment suggested that GnRH therapy may be able to alleviate cognitive impairments in DS by strengthening the communication between certain regions of the cortex while rescuing the overactivation of subcortical networks linked to the hippocampus (Fig. 1c).