TBK1 and neoplasm: DDR is linked to inflammatory signal transduction and plays a critical role in anti-tumor immunity, according to recent research.43 Radiotherapy can induce DNA damage in the nucleus and promote the entry of broken DNA fragments into the cytoplasm to activate STING signaling pathways.2,35 In our study, we found that GPR162 can promote RT-induced DDR and activate the STING-TBK1-IRF3 innate immune pathway, leading to a significant increase in the transcription level of proinflammatory cytokines, such as CXCL10, and CXCL4, further promoting DNA damage.