TNF and myocardial infarction: In 2012, it was confirmed that acute treatment with metformin improves ECG pattern and cardiac function following isoproterenol-induced MI.114 After this study, it was indicated that short-term administration of metformin in MI, particularly in an AMPK activating dose, profoundly suppressed post-MI remodeling and pro-inflammatory reactions, as demonstrated by a decline in the myeloperoxidase activity in the myocardium and a reduction in the TNF-α and IL-6 content in the heart tissue and serum.