CD28 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: In our results, peripheral blood CD8+CD28− T cells were positively correlated with the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-5 and the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10, and the number of CD8+CD28− T cells was inversely proportional to CD4/CD8, suggesting that the increase in CD8+CD28− T cells may be related to the systemic immunodeficiency of NPC patients.