Participants with ESS at T1DM onset showed older age; lower BMI-SDS, lymphocytes, phosphorus, bicarbonates, eGFR, and TRP levels; higher weight loss, HR, HbA1c, hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, chloride, ketones, creatinine, highest creatinine/basal creatinine (HC/BC) ratio, UPr/Cr, microalbuminuria, NGAL, beta-2-microglobulin, FeNa, and UCa/Cr levels; lower prevalence of family history of T1DM; and higher prevalence of HR >2 SDS, DKA, AKI, ATN, RTD and proteinuria compared with participants with euthyroidism (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.