To validate this cascade, we also utilized PDCs from patients (Glioma #12, 11: patients belong to S-Im and harbored PDGFRA mutations; Glioma #3, 31: patients belong to S-Ne and do not harbored PDGFRA mutations), conducted proteome, phosphoproteome and further applied catTFRE approach to depict TF’s DNA binding activity54 (Methods) in these PDCs (Supplementary Fig. 17A). Here, TF is linked to glioma.