IL4 and neoplasm: Finally, non-tumor cell autonomous mechanisms within the PDAC microenvironment might also influence c-MYC expression as hyperglycemia, acidic fibroblast growth factor from cancer-associated fibroblasts, and IL4 or IL13 from tumor-infiltrating Th2 cells have all been reported to influence c-MYC expression in PDAC cells (Sato et al., 2020; Bhattacharyya et al., 2020; Dey et al., 2020).