Lysophosphatidic acid increases in sera of patients with cholestatic liver diseases and pruritus and can cause both pain and itch in humans.27 In mice, lysophosphatidic acid elicits both itch-related39,59 and acute pain-like behaviors, the latter being dependent on TRPV1.48,93 This is consistent with the effects of lysophosphatidic acid acting through LPAR3 expressed exclusively in mouse pruriceptive NP1 neurons and LPAR1 expressed in both pruriceptive NP3 and nociceptive PEP1 neurons (which also co-express TRPV1). The gene discussed is TRPV1; the disease is Cholestatic liver disease.