Thrombomodulin was reported to be an endothelial dysfunction marker and oxidative stress marker and is associated with chronic kidney disease in children [28], whereas pantetheinase, which is encoded by vascular noninflammatory molecule-1 or vanin-1 gene and expressed mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells, intestine, and liver, plays a role in the production of potent antioxidants [29]. This evidence concerns the gene VNN1 and endothelial dysfunction.