CASP4 and fibrosis: In the module “pink,” which contained the most parasite genes, the most highly coexpressed host genes included the endosome homeostasis-related gene SNX10 [43], the apoptosis/inflammation-related gene Casp4 [44], the liver fibrosis-related gene Jam2 [45], the ischemia/reperfusion regulating gene Tbk1 [46] and the lymphocyte activation-related gene Cd28 [47] (Fig. 4b), indicating elevated inflammation levels and activated immune responses that were consistent with the previous results of functional enrichment (Fig. 2c, f).