GZMB and neoplasm: When administered at low doses, chemotherapy plays an immunomodulatory role; it promotes dendritic cells activation and tumor antigen presentation to CAR-T cells, inhibits suppressive immune cells leading to increased persistence of CAR-T cells and sensitizes tumor cells to CAR-T cell activity by promoting granzyme B penetration into tumor cells [246, 248, 249] (Fig. 2A).