Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanism by which vimentin promotes the excessive inflammation and lung injury via NOD2/NF-κB signaling during SS2 infection, which was further supported by the study that vimentin in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells contributes to the pathogenesis of meningitis caused by group B streptococcus (GBS) (38). Here, VIM is linked to meningitis.