TNF and malaria: Increased TNF [55], IFN-γ [53], IL-1 [55,62], IL-2 [53,55], IL-6 [55], IL-10 [53–55], TGF-β [54], CCL2 [55], CCL3 [55], and G-CSF [55] levels and decreased IL-5 [56], IL-12 [55], IL-17 [55], and CCL11 [56] levels were observed in malaria monoinfection compared to intestinal parasite monoinfection.