Although the level of these genes was generally higher in the animals exposed to DMSO compared to those exposed to antibiotics, independent of the infection, some of them were downregulated by SVCV challenge in the DMSO-treated fish (c4, serpina1, serpina1l, serpinf2a, tfa), whereas they were not significantly affected by the infection in the fish exposed to antibiotics (Figure 8). The gene discussed is SERPINA1; the disease is infection.