Consistently, we found that several downregulated genes associated with cancer cells metabolism (Pfkfb3, Fgfbp1, Gnas, Pfkfb4, Ctnnb1, and Tsta3) in the colon of EgPSC-infected mice, indicating that intraperitoneally EgPSC infection may elicit protective effect in cancer development. Here, GNAS is linked to infection.