TNF and major depressive disorder: Dysregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α production is thought to be associated with many human diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, major depressive disorder, and enterocolitis.OSP, CMP, CVP, MEP, IOP, TAP, FVP, POP, VVP, ABP, HEP, and PEP all promote TNF-α production by macrophages extremely significantly and in a significant dose-dependent manner, reaching a minimum of 26.41% and a maximum of 60.58% of the positive control.