There were significant differences in anthropometric measures (e.g., weight, BMI, WC, and HC), serum parameters (e.g., TC, LDL, HDL, and TG), and allele and genotype distributions (e.g., rs2279028 in TBC1D1) between lean NAFLD and lean non-NAFLD participants. The gene discussed is TBC1D1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.