SLC5A2 and atherosclerosis: As recently reviewed by Sarkar et al., based on studies that were not conducted in populations consisting solely of PLWH, metformin can be still considered as first-line therapy; however, for those patients with atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney diseases, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2 inhibitors) should be considered for use (Sarkar and Brown, 2021).