Strikingly, TCDD suppressed the expression of three of these NRs (Ppara, Nr1h4 (FXRα), Thrb) in several NPC populations, including Kupffer cells, which undergo extensive changes following chronic TCDD exposure 18 and more generally during NASH pathogenesis 101. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.