These mechanisms might be crucial for the involvement of HERVs in autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (ERVW-1), systemic lupus erythematosus (ERVE and HRES), rheumatoid arthritis (ERVK), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ERVK) (45, 46). This evidence concerns the gene ERVW-1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.