In view of the regulation of stem cell pluripotency genes on the pathogenesis of advanced atherosclerotic lesions, Alencar believes that activation of Oct4 may play a beneficial role in the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques, which is consistent with the former view, and found that Klf4 and Oct4 showed virtually opposite genome-wide influence regulation on the arteriosclerosis protective phenotype (Alencar et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene POU5F1 and arteriosclerosis.