ALB and hepatocellular carcinoma: As presented in Table 2, in the multivariate Cox regression analysis that was adjusted for age, sex, family history of HCC, ascites, HE, ALT, albumin, platelets, blood urea nitrogen, HBV DNA, and NA(s) treatment before ETV/TDF, probiotics use was still an independent factor against HCC occurrence (aHR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.28–0.65; P < 0.001).